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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for ADHD, and appear to increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They cannot solve the problem and can only manage symptoms if taken regularly. Side effects of ADHD medications may include changes in blood pressure and heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Some teens and children who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and the most commonly prescribed drug to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms, including a chewable tablet that is liquid, a long-acting orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended-release pill. The drug increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This helps to improve concentration. It can also help to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, such as behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate is a drug that blocks transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in heart rate and blood pressure. It may also trigger an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, so those with diabetes must be aware when taking this medication. Consult your physician if you experience any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate can also cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena that causes numbness as well as discomfort in the fingers and toes. This is an uncommon side effect, however it is essential to notify your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There are some who believe that methylphenidate could slow children's growth. However this hasn't been proven. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate, be sure to keep track of the child's weight and height closely. If managing adhd without medication iampsychiatry.uk is taking chewable tablets containing methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine which is potentially dangerous for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU, consult your physician about other formulations of methylphenidate. Certain people have issues with stimulants, which are the first treatment for ADHD. In these instances, doctors might prescribe another medication that performs in a similar way. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants like dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These drugs can last for longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. They are typically taken two to three times per day However, some people take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD, but these are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It's part of a class of drugs known as selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is popular with adults and children who seek a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine is not effective instantly and it could take up to 6 weeks for the effects of the medication to be evident. Additionally, you may suffer from side effects like drowsiness, decreased appetite, and stomach upset. However, the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for most patients. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study conducted on 297 ADHD patients aged between 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine was verified. The participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, which is a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine as well as placebo groups depression symptoms were less. The atomoxetine-treated group had more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In another open trial, 10 patients suffering from ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. However, one patient experienced an rash and resigned from the study. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one patient noticed an increase in fatigue. Talk to your doctor before you begin treatment with atomoxetine about your medical history, including any supplements or medications you take. This includes herbal remedies and over-the-counter medications. It is particularly important to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor, high blood pressure, heart disease or an unusually sudden death. You should also avoid atomoxetine if you have taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can help improve symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce the impulsivity of children and improve concentration. However it doesn't affect the brain the way stimulants do. It's available by prescription only. Your doctor will determine the best dose for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is important to follow the prescriptions. If you stop taking it abruptly, you may have withdrawal symptoms. The most common dosage is two or three doses per day separated by 4-6 hours. The dosage can range between 100mg and three times per day to 150mg three or four time each day. The drug is taken up by the digestive system and excreted into urine. It is not able to enter breast milk. It can, however, enter the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, making it vital to monitor it regularly. In addition to helping improve the symptoms of ADHD Bupropion can also reduce depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. This stops the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs So it's crucial to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It's also important to know if you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants because they can make side effects worse. In several studies the bupropion drug was compared with placebos for adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and the majority of them were not well-designed. Additionally, many excluded people with psychiatric comorbidity. The results suggest that bupropion can have a small effect on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to identify positive outcomes for patients like improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is essential to understand the underlying causes of the molecular forms of ADHD. This includes a better understanding of the relation between the different molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to understand how different anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD are not effective or cause adverse side negative effects. These medications, including imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to help people focus. These older drugs can have severe adverse negative effects. They are typically used when other medications fail. The first choice of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants which have been around for a long time, can be utilized in certain instances. These drugs are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other but their antidepressant action is not the same. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake and also act as lower modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic for humans or animals. If suddenly stopped, they may cause significant withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor might suggest gradually reducing the dose over a few weeks to minimize these effects. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It is believed to work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine within the brain, which improves concentration. It is also believed to reduce anxiety and stress. It can be combined with stimulants for more rapid and lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved nonstimulant medications for ADHD Many people get relief from the use of supplements to their diets and herbs. A diet that is low in sugar and fat can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine can also be helpful to some people. It is important to inform your doctor about all the medications that you or your child uses, including prescription drugs and herbal remedies. This will prevent interactions and reduce unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect people differently. It may take some trial and error before you determine the best dosage and dose for your child or you.